Weber Earth Science & Environmental Engineering July 2016, Vol. 2 (3). © Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Research Article International Trade in Vicuna Fiber and Its Influence on the Conservation Status of Populations of Peru. Marina Rosales Benites de Franco 1*, Abel Jesús Mejía Marcacuzco2, César Arguedaz Madrid3, Miguel Llellish 4 1Professor de la Facultad de Ingeniería Geográfica, Ambiental y Ecoturismo de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. 2Professor del Doctorado en Ingeniería Ambiental de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. 3Director de la Escuela de Ingeniería en Ecoturismo de la Facultad de Ingeniería Geográfica, Ambiental y Ecoturismo de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. 4Investigator Asociado del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.   Accepted 28th September, 2016; Available Online 29th September, 2016.

Abstract: International trade of vicuna fiber (Vicugna vicugna) and its products were made by the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru and the United Kingdom. Peru was the main exporter of fiber, recorded significant volumes from the inclusion of their populations in Appendix II of CITES in the decade of the nineties. It exported 82% of the total quantities, 47.319 kg of fiber corresponding to 241.423 sheared vicunas for the period 1975-2011. Ecological sustainability of vicuna populations for the study period was 0.6261, showing that international trade fiber of vicuña populations have had positive influences on its conservation condition with a middle value. However, these values must take into account the negative drivers vicuña populations, such as poaching, main driver. For that, it is need to prioritize the management of vicuna populations in its habitats than manage in captivity, seeking to diversify economic options to offer at the market, based on goods and services generated by Andean ecosystems, integrating vicuña population conservation, its habitats with landscape approach. [ View Abstract ]    http://weberpub.org/abstract/abstract_wesee_189.htm [ Full Text: PDF ]  http://weberpub.org/wesee/wesee_189.pdf

Certification and Biodiversity – How Voluntary Certification Standards Impact Biodiversity and Human Livelihoods

International trade - biodiversity - benefit sharing

Weber Economics & Finance May 2016, Vol. 2 (3), ISSN:2449-1662 © Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Research Article International Trade of Peccaries pelts and benefit sharing Accepted 27th May, 2016; Available Online 31th May, 2016.

Abstract: International trade of tanned leather of Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758 "Collared Peccary" and Tayassu peccary Link, 1795 "White-lipped Peccary", has had a low social sustainability indicator 0.3519 and a medium level economic sustainability indicator 0.5248. Furthermore, this influence for social and economic sustainability which has led inequitable benefit sharing in trade chain. Therefore, the fifty million dollars generated in the marketing chain (1986 - 2011) had no influence on the welfare of the affected regions and the participation of economic benefits, which is not significant for native communities or local people. Corresponding to the total generated 7% to hunters in economic benefits, 12% to the local gatherer, 15% to the city gatherer, 62% to the industrial and exporters and 4% to the National Wildlife Authority. This inequitable of benefits distribution does not encourage the conservation and sustainable use of P. tajacu and T. pecari populations in Peru. [ View Abstract ]                        [ Full Text: PDF ]

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ARTICLE TITLE: International Trade of Peccaries pelts and benefit sharing

AUTHORS: Dr. Marina Rosales Benites de Franco 

OTHERS:Vol.2(3),  Article ID wef_176, 587-598, 2016.

ABSTRACT URL: [1] http://weberpub.org/abstract/abstract_wef_176.htm

ARTICLE DOWNLOAD: http://weberpub.org/wef/wef_176.pdf

JOURNAL URL:[2] http://weberpub.org/wef1.htm

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International Trade of Peccaries and Conservation Status. Marina Rosales Benites de Franco Faculty of Geographic Engineering, Environment and Ecotourism Federico Villarreal University  Accepted 13th March, 2016; Available Online 19th March, 2016.

Abstract: Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758 "Collared Peccary" and Tayassu pecari Link, 1795 " White-lipped Peccary" populations of Peru have low ecological sustainability to maintain international trade of their skins from livelihood, subsistence hunting. This economic activity is not managed with sustainable approach. The international trade of their skins adversely affects its conservation status, considering also the cumulative effects caused by deforestation, pollution from mining and oil areas. It is important to recognize that peccary’s populations and their habitats have not been managed in the field. It is proposed to categorize the Peruvian populations of P. tajacu and T. pecari in Vulnerable situation, manage subsistence hunting through areas of communal management in situ, promoting governance of indigenous and local populations and fill the gaps in their policies and management of these populations by regulations.

ARTICLE TITLE: International Trade of Peccaries and Conservation Status

AUTHOR: Dr. Marina Rosales Benites de Franco

OTHERS: Vol.1(5) 2016, Article ID wesee_167, 519-532, 2016.

ABSTRACT URL: [1] http://weberpub.org/abstract/abstract_wesee_167.htm

ARTICLE DOWNLOAD: http://weberpub.org/wesee/wesee_167.pdf

JOURNAL URL:[2] http://weberpub.org/wesee.htm